Genome and Transcriptome Analyses of Genes Involved in Ascorbate Biosynthesis in Pepper Indicate Key Genes Related to Fruit Development, Stresses, and Phytohormone Exposures.

Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a vegetable consumed worldwide, primarily used for vitamin C uptake and condiment purposes. Ascorbate (Asc) is a multifunctional metabolite, acting as an antioxidant and enzymatic cofactor involved in multiple cellular processes. Nevertheless, there is no evidence about the contribution of biosynthesis pathways and regulatory mechanisms responsible for Asc reserves in pepper plants. Here, we present a genome- and transcriptome-wide investigation of genes responsible for Asc biosynthesis in pepper during fruit development, stresses, and phytohormone exposures. A total of 21 genes, scattered in ten of twelve pepper chromosomes were annotated. Gene expression analyses of nine transcriptomic experiments supported the primary role of the L-galactose pathway in the Asc-biosynthesizing process, given its constitutive, ubiquitous, and high expression profile observed in all studied conditions. However, genes from alternative pathways generally exhibited low expression or were unexpressed and appeared to play some secondary role under specific stress conditions and phytohormone treatments. Taken together, our findings provide a deeper spatio-temporal understanding of expression levels of genes involved in Asc biosynthesis, and they highlight GGP2, GME1 and 2, and GalLDH members from L-galactose pathway as promising candidates for future wet experimentation, addressing the attainment of increase in ascorbate content of peppers and other crops.

Genomic epidemiology unveils the dynamics and spatial corridor behind the Yellow Fever virus outbreak in Southern Brazil.

Despite the considerable morbidity and mortality of yellow fever virus (YFV) infections in Brazil, our understanding of disease outbreaks is hampered by limited viral genomic data. Here, through a combination of phylogenetic and epidemiological models, we reconstructed the recent transmission history of YFV within different epidemic seasons in Brazil. A suitability index based on the highly domesticated Aedes aegypti was able to capture the seasonality of reported human infections. Spatial modeling revealed spatial hotspots with both past reporting and low vaccination coverage, which coincided with many of the largest urban centers in the Southeast. Phylodynamic analysis unraveled the circulation of three distinct lineages and provided proof of the directionality of a known spatial corridor that connects the endemic North with the extra-Amazonian basin. This study illustrates that genomics linked with eco-epidemiology can provide new insights into the landscape of YFV transmission, augmenting traditional approaches to infectious disease surveillance and control.

Samanea tubulosa Benth. (Fabaceae): Antinociceptive effect on acute pain in mice: K+ATP channel and opioid activity.

Samanea tubulosa Benth. it has been widely used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory processes. The present study aimed to investigate the antinociceptive effect and mechanism of action of the fractions obtained from the Samanea tubulosa pods in mice. The antinociceptive activity was evaluated in formalin, capsaicin and glutamate tests and the. The possible mechanisms of action involved in the antinociceptive effect of the hexane and ethyl acetate fraction in the opioid system, also the the K + ATP channels and the L-arigine pathways of nitric oxide were evaluated. The chemical characterization analysis revealed in the hexane fraction the presence of triterpenes such as lupenone and lupeol. In the glutamate test, the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions showed antinociceptive activity at the dose of 12.5 and 25 mg kg-1. The antinociception produced by the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions was significantly reversed by naloxone, indicating that the fractions act through the opioid pathway. Antinociceptive response of the ethyl acetate fraction was blocked by glibenclamide, indicating that this fraction acts via the K + ATP channels activation. It is concluded that the fractions under study exert antinociceptive activity possibly related to the opioid route and through K+ ATP channels activation.

Detection of Neospora spp. and Sarcocystis neurona in amniotic fluid and placentas from mares.

The closely related apicomplexa protozoa, Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora spp., and Sarcocystis neurona, have all been associated with neurological and reproductive diseases in horses. However, there is limited data regarding the presence of these three parasites in equine placental tissues and amniotic fluid. The aim of the present report was to investigate the presence of the DNA of T. gondii, Neospora spp. and S. neurona in placentas and amniotic fluid in mares. Anti-T. gondii, anti- S. neurona and anti- Neospora spp. antibody titers were evaluated in 31 mares in the final third of pregnancy by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The presence of parasite DNA in placentas and amniotic fluid was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using two target loci (ITS1 and Nc5). No antibodies to were identified nor was any T. gondii DNA detected in any mare. Antibodies to Neospora spp. were found in 6 mares (19.35 %) and DNA from this protozoan was detected in four placentas (12.9 %) and in five amniotic fluid samples (16.6 %). Antibodies to Sarcocystis spp. were detected in nine mares and S. neurona DNA was found in only one placenta (3.23 %). Our results suggest that the transplacental route may be a potential source of Neospora caninum infection in mares. Further studies are needed to understand the role of transplacental transmission in the epidemiology of these protozoa.

Transplacental transmission of Neospora caninum to lambs in successive pregnancies of naturally infected sheep in Southern Brazil.

This study aims to report the detection of N. caninum DNA in a newborn lamb (1) with neurological signs and congenital neosporosis and in a stillborn lamb (2), both born from the same ewe in a herd of Southern Brazil. The lambs were born during different pregnancies of a Suffolk ewe seropositive to N. caninum and seronegative to T. gondii. Histopathological lesions were observed only in the central nervous system of the lambs. The newborn lamb (1) showed mild and focal gliosis in the frontal lobe. In the hippocampal region of the stillborn lamb (2), lymphoplasmacytic perivascular cuffs and N. caninum cysts were observed in the cytoplasm of neurons and confirmed by IHC. PCR was performed using brain samples to detect the protozoa N. caninum and Toxoplasma gondii. The infection with N. caninum was confirmed in the newborn lamb (1) by PCR and in the stillborn lamb (2) by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and PCR tests.

'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemosphiggurus' a novel haemoplasma species in orange-spined hairy dwarf porcupines (Sphiggurus villosus) from Southern Brazil.

In Brazil, the orange-spined hairy dwarf porcupine (Sphiggurus villosus) is widely distributed in the Atlantic Rainforest biome being amongst the most frequently road-killed animal. Porcupines may also be commonly found on forest borders and occasionally, near urban areas where human and domestic dogs injuries caused by its spines may occur. Therefore, the aims of this study were (a) to screen porcupines for TBD pathogens and haemoplasmas and (b) to identify the tick species parasitizing these rodents in Paraná State, southern Brazil. Blood and/or spleen samples were collected from nine orange-spined hairy dwarf porcupines. A total of 275 ticks (34 males, 11 females, 7 nymphs and 223 larvae) were collected from eight porcupines: Amblyomma longirostre, A. parkeri and Amblyomma spp. larvae. Two out of nine (22%; 95% CI: 3%-60%) porcupines were PCR-positive for haemoplasmas. All animals tested negative for Theileria/Babesia spp. and Ehrlichia/Anaplasma spp. by PCR. Phylogenetic and network analysis of the 16S and 23S rRNA gene fragments confirmed that animals were infected by a potentially novel haemotropic Mycoplasma sp. The name 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemosphiggurus' is proposed for this novel organism that should be further fully characterized.

Social subordination induced by early life adversity rewires inhibitory control of the prefrontal cortex via enhanced Npy1r signaling.

Social hierarchies are present in most mammalian species. In nature, hierarchies offer a tradeoff between reduction of in-group fighting between males, at the expense of an asymmetric sharing of resources. Early life experiences and stress are known to influence the rank an individual attains in adulthood, but the associated cellular and synaptic alterations are poorly understood. Using a maternal separation protocol, we show that care-deprived mice display a long-lasting submissive phenotype, increased social recognition, and enhanced explorative behavior. These alterations are consistent with an adaptation that favors exploration rather than confrontation within a group setting. At the neuronal level, these animals display dendritic atrophy and enhanced inhibitory synaptic inputs in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) neurons. To determine what could underlie this synaptic modification, we first assessed global gene expression changes via RNAseq, and next focused on a smaller subset of putatively altered synaptic receptors that could explain the changes in synaptic inhibition. Using different cohorts of maternally deprived mice, we validated a significant increase in the expression of Npy1r, a receptor known to play a role in maternal care, anxiety, foraging, and regulation of group behavior. Using electrophysiological recordings in adult mice while blocking NPY1R signaling, we determined that this receptor plays a key role in enhancing GABAergic currents in mice that experience maternal deprivation. Taken together, our work highlights the potential of regulating NPY1R in social anxiety disorders and the alterations induced in brain circuitry as a consequence of early life stress and adversity.

Colônia de alienadas do Engenho de Dentro: Caracterização das internas (1921-1927) / Colony sold the Engenho de Dentro: Characterization of internal patients (1921-1927) / Colonia del alienadas del Engenho de Dentro: Caracteristicas del interior (1921-1927)

O objetivo deste estudo é caracterizar mulheres alienadas transferidas do Hospício Nacional de Alienados para a Colônia de Alienados do Engenho de Dentro (1921-1927). Estudo na perspectiva da história serial, utilizando observação documental para realizar análise das fontes, que são os prontuários. Foram elencados 164 prontuários de alienadas transferidas para a Colônia do Engenho de Dentro. Após análise dos prontuários, as alienadas foram caracterizadas por meio dos registros descritos nos prontuários, traçando perfil etário, étnico, patológico dentre outros. Concluímos que, de fato, encontrou-se descrito registros com dados concretos sobre as mulheres alienadas. Porém, nenhum dado sobre cuidado de enfermagem pode ser extraído desses documentos.(AU)

The aim of this study is to characterize alienated women transferred from the National Hospice for the Insane Cologne Disposed of Engenho de Dentro (1921-1927). This is a study in view of the serial story, using documentary observation to perform analysis of the sources, which are the records. 164 were listed disposed of records transferred to the Colony of Engenho de Dentro. After analyzing the charts, the alienated were characterized by means of the records described in the records, tracing age profile, ethnic, pathological among others. We conclude that in fact, found himself described records with concrete data on alienated women. However, no data on nursing care can be extracted from these documents.(AU)

El objetivo de este estudio es caracterizar las mujeres enajenadas transferidas del manicomio nacional para la colonia de enajenados del Engenho de Dentro (1921-1927). Estudio sobre las perspectivas de la historia serial, utilizando observación documental para realizar el análisis de las fuentes, que son los registros. Fueron enumerados 164 tablas de enajenados a la Colonia del Engenho de Dentro. Después del análisis de los registros médicos, las enajenadas se caracterizaron por medio de los registros que se describe en las tablas, por medio de la edad, étnicas y patologías. Concluye que de hecho, describió los registros con datos reales acerca de las mujeres enajenadas. Sin embargo, no hay datos sobre cuidado de enfermería en estos documentos.(AU)

Terminalia fagifolia Mart. & Zucc. elicits vasorelaxation of rat thoracic aorta through nitric oxide and K+ channels dependent mechanism.

Terminalia fagifolia Mart. & Zucc. (Combretaceae) is a plant commonly found in the regions of the Brazilian cerrado, popularly used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. There are no reports in the literature on the use of T. fagifolia for the treatment of the cardiovascular system conditions. Nevertheless, plants of the same genus, such as Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn and Terminalia superba Engler & Diels, present cardioprotective, hypotensive and vasodilatating effects. In light of this, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the ethanolic extract (Tf-EE) and of its aqueous (Tf-AQF), hexanic (Tf-HEXF) and hydroethanolic (Tf-HAF) partition fractions obtained from the stem bark of T. fagifolia Mart. & Zucc. The effects of the extract and partition fractions of T. fagifolia were evaluated on isometric tensions in the thoracic aorta rings of Wistar rats (250-300 g). Tf-EE, Tf-HEXF and Tf-HAF presented a concentration-dependent vasorelaxant effect, and Tf-AQF presented a vasorelaxant effect that was more potent in the presence of endothelium. The relaxation curves of the aorta promoted by the fraction investigated were attenuated in the presence of the following pharmacological tools: L-NAME, ODQ or PTIO. The vasorelaxant effect of the aorta promoted by Tf-AQF was attenuated in the presence of TEA and 4-AP. Tf-EE induced a concentration-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxation. Tf-HAF and Tf-HEXF presented concentration-dependent and vascular-endothelium-independent vasorelaxation, but did not obtain 100% of relaxation. On the other hand, Tf-AQF presented concentration-dependent vasorelaxation that was more potent in aorta rings with vascular endothelium. The relaxant mechanism induced by the Tf-AQF involves the NO/sGC/cGMP pathway and channels Kv.

Optimization of flow-focusing devices for homogeneous extensional flow.

We present a methodology for the shape optimization of flow-focusing devices with the purpose of creating a wide region of homogeneous extensional flow, characterized by a uniform strain-rate along the centerline of the devices. The numerical routines employed include an optimizer, a finite-volume solver, and a mesh generator operating on geometries with the walls parameterized by Bézier curves. The optimizations are carried out for devices with different geometric characteristics (channel aspect ratio and length). The performance of the optimized devices is assessed for varying Reynolds numbers, velocity ratio between streams, and fluid rheology. Brownian dynamics simulations are also performed to evaluate the stretching and relaxation of λ-DNA molecules in the devices. Overall, the optimized flow-focusing devices generate a homogeneous extensional flow over a range of conditions typically found in microfluidics. At high Weissenberg numbers, the extension of λ-DNA molecules in the optimized flow-focusing devices is close to that obtained in an ideal planar extensional flow with an equivalent Hencky strain. The devices presented in this study can be useful in microfluidic applications taking advantage of homogeneous extensional flows and easy control of the Hencky strain and strain-rate.

DNA Methylation Status of the Estrogen Receptor α Gene in Canine Mammary Tumors.

Estrogen receptor α (ERα) has an important role in mammary carcinogenesis, prognosis, and treatment. In human and canine mammary cancer, the most aggressive tumors show loss of ERα expression, which in human breast cancer has been attributed to methylation of the cytosine followed by guanine (CpG) island within the estrogen receptor α gene ( ESR1) promoter. This study aimed to investigate the role of ESR1 CpG island (CGI) methylation in ERα expression in canine mammary tumors. Twenty-one canine mammary samples were sorted into three groups: malignant tumor (n = 9), benign tumor (n = 8), and normal gland (n = 4). Immunohistochemical analysis and reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR were performed to assess ERα expression and ESR1 mRNA levels. The methylation status was determined using sodium-bisulfite-treated DNA sequencing. All normal mammary glands and benign tumors showed high ERα expression (score range, 5-8). Six of the nine malignant tumors did not show ERα expression (score 0), two had score 2, and one had score 4. Lower ERα ( P < .005) and ESR1 mRNA levels ( P < .005) were found in malignant mammary tumors than in the other two groups. Canine ESR1 has an intragenic and non-promoter-associated CGI, different from humans. No significant variation in methylation percentage was observed among the groups, suggesting that ESR1 is not regulated by DNA methylation, unlike that in humans. This difference should be considered in further research using ERα as a biomarker for mammary tumors in canine studies on ERα-targeting therapy.

Interrelação entre ortodontia, periodontia e prótese na reabilitação de dente com violação das distâncias biológicas / Interrelationship between orthodontics, periodontics and implant tooth in rehabilitation with biological distances violation

Na Odontologia a interação interdisciplinar é a chave para melhorar os resultados estéticos e funcionais. Quando alterações dentais e periodontais afetam a harmonia do sorriso, existe a necessidade de agregar procedimentos multidisciplinares para alcançar a estética desejada. Este trabalho apresentou como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de restabelecimento da harmonia do sorriso de uma paciente que apresentava anteriormente uma coroa cerâmica com retentor intra-radicular metálico fundido e constante inflamação na gengiva marginal no elemento dental 21. O tratamento foi feito por meio da associação da extrusão ortodôntica, cirurgia periodontal de recuperação de espaço biológico e reabilitação protética por meio de coroa metal-free, bem como os resultados obtidos com essa modalidade de tratamento. Conclui-se então que foi possível observar sucesso no tratamento executado pela equipe multidisciplinar, devolvendo a estética e a função do elemento dentário. Dessa forma, ressalta-se a importância da interdisciplinaridade na odontologia que, neste caso, vai desde a avaliação estética do caso à necessidade de manter a saúde periodontal para a instalação da reabilitação definitiva. É de relevância conhecer e respeitar as distâncias biológicas do periodonto, bem como o correto diagnóstico e plano de tratamento quando da sua violação.

In dentistry interdisciplinary interaction is the key to improve the aesthetic and functional results. When dental and periodontal changes affect smile harmony, it is necessary to add multidisciplinary procedures to achieve the desired aesthetic. This work had the objective to report a clinical case of smile harmony restoration of a patient that previously had a ceramic crown with metal intraradicular cast retainer and constant gingival margin inflammation in dental element 21. The treatment was performed through association of orthodontic extrusion, periodontal surgery for biological space recovery and prosthetic rehabilitation by means of metal-free crown, as well as the results obtained with this treatment modality. It was concluded that it was possible to observe that treatment performed by the multidisciplinary team was successful, returning aesthetics and function to the tooth. So it emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinarity in dentistry that in this case, was from the aesthetic evaluation of the case until the need to maintain periodontal health for the installation of permanent rehabilitation. It is important to know and respect the biological periodontium distances as well as the correct diagnosis and treatment plan when its violated.

Measurement of relaxation times in extensional flow of weakly viscoelastic polymer solutions.

The characterization of the extensional rheology of polymeric solutions is important in several applications and industrial processes. Filament stretching and capillary breakup rheometers have been developed to characterize the extensional properties of polymeric solutions, mostly for high-viscosity fluids. However, for low concentration polymer solutions, the measurements are difficult using available devices, in terms of the minimum viscosity and relaxation times that can be measured accurately. In addition, when the slow retraction method is used, solvent evaporation can affect the measurements for volatile solvents. In this work, a new setup was tested for filament breakup experiments using the slow retraction method, high-speed imaging techniques, and an immiscible oil bath to reduce solvent evaporation and facilitate particle tracking in the thinning filament. Extensional relaxation times above around 100 µs were measured with the device for dilute and semi-dilute polymer solutions. Particle tracking velocimetry was also used to measure the velocity in the filament and the corresponding elongation rate, and to compare with the values obtained from the measured exponential decay of the filament diameter.

Laminar lesions in horses with systemic oxidative stress, committed by experimentally induced or naturally occurring gastrointestinal disorders / Lesões laminares em cavalos com estresse oxidativo sistêmico, acometidos por doenças gastrintestinais experimentalmente induzidas ou de ocorrência natural

Laminitis in horses can be associated with lesions in multiple organs secondary to sepsis. Twenty-one horses suffering from gastrointestinal disorders were used in the experiment; 7 horses with experimentally induced endotoxemia and intestinal ischaemia, and 14 horses suffering from naturally occurring colic syndrome. Tissue samples of lungs, liver, heart, brain, cerebellum and hoof laminar tissue were collected for histopathological and oxidative stress evaluation using nitrotyrosine and superoxide dismutase (SOD2) immunostaining. The horses were divided into two groups: the non-oxidative lesions group (NOLG), with 7 horses showing weak immunostaining in lungs, liver and kidney, and the oxidative lesions group (OLG), with 14 horses showing immunostaining indicating systemic oxidative stress in multiple organs. The horses from OLG showed increase of laminar lesions and SOD2 immunostaining in multiple organs when compared to the horses from the NOLG. No differences were found ln regard to laminar immunostaining by nitrotyrosine and SOD2 between experimental groups. It was concluded that systemic oxidative stress can be associated with the development of laminar lesions, and that the laminar tissue does not respond to oxidative stress with increase of SOD as occurs in other organs.(AU)

A laminite em equinos pode estar associada à lesão em múltiplos órgãos secundária a sepse. Foram utilizados 21 cavalos com afecções gastrintestinais, sendo sete com endotoxemia e isquemia intestinal induzidos experimentalmente, e 14 cavalos com síndrome cólica de origem natural. Amostras teciduais de pulmão, rim, fígado, coração, cérebro e cerebelo e de tecido laminar do casco foram coletadas para avaliação de lesão histopatológica e estresse oxidativo, pela imunomarcação de nitrotirosina e superóxido dismutase (SOD2). Os animais foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo sem lesão oxidativa (NOLG), com sete cavalos com fraca imunomarcação em pulmão, fígado e rim, e grupo lesão oxidativa (OLG), contendo 14 cavalos com imunomarcação indicando estresse oxidativo em múltiplos órgãos. Os cavalos do grupo OLG apresentaram aumento de lesões laminares e imunomarcação para SOD2 em múltiplos órgãos, quando comparados ao NOLG. Não houve diferença sobre a imunomarcação laminar para nitrotirosina e SOD2 entre os grupos experimentais. Conclui-se que o estresse oxidativo sistêmico está associado ao desenvolvimento de lesões laminares, e que o tecido laminar não responde ao estresse oxidativo com aumento de SOD como ocorre nos outros órgãos.(AU)

Oxidative stress in hoof laminar tissue of horses with lethal gastrointestinal diseases.

Tissue damage caused by oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases in animals and man, and is believed to play a role in the development of laminitis in horses. The aim of this study was to investigate the oxidative stress associated with laminar lesions in horses with lethal gastrointestinal disorders. Laminar tissue samples of the hoof of 30 horses were used. Tissue samples were divided as follows: six healthy horses (control group-CG), and 24 horses that died after complications of gastrointestinal diseases (group suffering from gastrointestinal disorders-GDG). Superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and nitrotyrosine immunostaining and the severity of laminar lesions were evaluated. Presence of laminar lesions and immunostaining for nitrotyrosine and SOD2 were only evident in horses from the GDG group. Thus, oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of laminar lesions secondary to gastrointestinal disorders.

Caracterização do biótipo periodontal de discentes do curso de odontologia da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande / Characterization of periodontal biotype of dentistry students at Federal University of Campina Grande

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as variações dos padrões teciduais do periodonto de proteção de dentes permanentes ânterossuperiores e verificar a prevalência de cada biótipo periodontal de acordo as classificações de Maynard e Wilson (1980) e De Rouck et al. (2009). Participaram do estudo 78 discentes, 40 mulheres e 38 homens e idade média de 22,53 (±2,30), do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, totalizando 468 dentes examinados. Para cada dente, foram observados os seguintes parâmetros clínicos: profundidade de sondagem, mucosa ceratinizada, gengiva inserida e formato anatômico do tecido gengival e dos dentes. Os biótipos periodontais mais prevalentes foram o plano-espesso (44,9%)e o tipo I (70,5%) e não houve diferença significativa ao relacioná-los com o gênero do indivíduo (p>0,05). A grande maioria dos elementos dentários que foram classificados como tipo I apresentava o periodonto de proteção plano-espesso (p<0,001). Avaliação prévia da morfologia do periodonto é de grande importância para aumentar a previsibilidade estética e funcional de procedimentos clínicos que se interrelacionam com os tecidos periodontais, pois existem biótipos que podem predispor o aparecimento e progressão de recessões gengivais.

This study aimed to evaluate variations in the periodontal tissue of protection patterns of maxillary anterior permanent teeth and determine the prevalence of each periodontal biotype according to classifications of Maynardand Wilson (1980) and De Rouck et al. (2009). The study included 78 students, 40 women and 38 men, with an average age of 22.53 (± 2.30), of the Dentistry course at the Federal University of Campina Grande, totaling 468 teeth examined. For each tooth, the following parameters were observed: probing depth, keratinized mucosa, attached gingiva and anatomical shape of the gingival tissue and teeth. The most prevalent periodontal biotypes were thick-flat (44.9%) and type I (70.5%) and there was no significant difference to relate them to the individual’s gender (p>0.05). Vast majority of teeth that have been classified as type I presented the thickflat periodontium protection (p <0.001). Prior assessment of periodontium morphology is of great importance to enhance the aesthetic and functional predictability of clinical procedures that are interrelated with the periodontal tissues, as there are biotypes that may predispose the appearance and progression of gingival recessions.

Viabilidade de adesão do curso de Odontologia da UFCG ao GraduaCEO / Feasibility of UFCG Dental School accession to the GraduaCEO

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a viabilidade da adesão do curso de Odontologia da UFCG ao programa GraduaCEO/Brasil Sorridente, comparando o número de procedimentos realizados nas clínicas de Odontologia nos anos de 2013 e 2014 com a produtividade exigida pelo programa para o Padrão I. Para isso, foram analisados 1.243 prontuários de todos os pacientes atendidos nos respectivos anos. Nos anos de 2013 e 2014 foram realizados 3.238 procedimentos (269,83 por mês) e 5.725 procedimentos (477,08 por mês) respectivamente. Ao comparar estes dados à produtividade preconizada pelo Padrão I do GraduaCEO, verificou-se que apenas os procedimentos de baixa complexidade (atenção básica), atingiram, em 2014, a meta preconizada pelo programa do Ministério da Saúde/Brasil. Assim, concluise que o curso de Odontologia da UFCG, cujo objetivo é formar profissionais generalistas, não tem suporte de laboratórios, equipamentos e quantidade suficiente de professores para implementar uma atenção odontológica especializada em suas clínicas, tornando inviável a adesão ao GraduaCEO, que determina metas para procedimentos especializados de Endodontia, Periodontia, Prótese e Cirurgia Oral (AU).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accession feasibility of UFCG to GraduaCEO/Brazil Sorridente program, comparing the number of procedures performed in the dental clinics during the years of 2013 and 2014 with the productivity required by the program to the Standard I. For this, 1,243 dental records of all patients treated in the respective years were analyzed. During the years of 2013 and 2014, 3,238 procedures (269.83 per month) and 5,725 procedures (477.08 per month) were performed, respectively. By comparing this data to the productivity recommended by the Standard I of the GraduaCEO, it was found that only low-complexity procedures (primary health care) reached the target in 2014, as recommended by the Ministry of Health/Brazil program. Therefore, it is concluded that the undergraduate degree in Dentistry of UFCG, which aims to graduate generalist professionals, does not have support of laboratories, equipment and enough quantity of professors to implement a specialized dental care in their clinics, making impossible the accession to GraduaCEO, as it determines goals for specialized procedures in Endodontics, Periodontics, Prosthodontics and Oral Surgery (AU).

Teste rápido para detecção da Proteína C-Reativa (FASTest® CRP canino) como auxílio diagnóstico de piometra em cadelas / Fast test for C-reactive Protein detection (FASTest® CRP canine) as an aid for the diagnosis of pyometra in bitches

A piometra é uma enfermidade comum em cadelas, caracterizada pela inflamação do útero com acúmulo de exsudato purulento. A avaliação ultrassonográfica abdominal é um dos principais exames utilizados para o diagnóstico da doença e o tratamento de eleição é a ovário-histerectomia (OSH). A proteína C reativa (PCR) é uma proteína de fase aguda que apresenta concentração sérica aumentada na ocorrência de processos inflamatórios. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia do teste rápido para detecção da PCR sérica (FASTest® CRP canino), como auxiliar no diagnóstico de piometra em cadelas com suspeita da doença ao exame ultrassonográfico. Das 25 cadelas com imagem ultrassonográfica sugestiva de piometra incluídas no estudo, apenas 12 (48,0%) tiveram o diagnóstico confirmado por exame histopatológico uterino realizado após a OSH. Em todas as pacientes com o diagnóstico de piometra confirmado pelo exame histológico a PCR foi positiva. O FASTest® CRP apresentou valor preditivo positivo de 92,3%, valor preditivo negativo e sensibilidade de 100,0% e 92,3% de especificidade. Logo, a acurácia do FASTest® CRP canino para diagnóstico de piometra em cadelas com suspeita ao exame ultrassonográfico foi de 96,0%. Conclui-se que o teste rápido para detecção da PCR sérica pode ser utilizado como exame auxiliar para o diagnóstico de piometra em cadelas...

Pyometra is a common disease in bitches characterized by an inflamed uterus filled with pus. Abdominal ultrasonographic evaluation is one of the most requested exam used to diagnose the disease, whereas ovariohysterectomy is the most commonly chosen treatment. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein whose serum concentration increases in inflammatory processes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the rapid test for detecting serum CRP (FASTest® canine CRP) in the diagnosis of pyometra in bitches with suspicion of the disease by ultrasonography. From 25 bitches with ultrasonographic image suggestive of pyometra included in this study, only 12 (48.0%) has the diagnosis confirmed by histopathological examination of the uterus after ovariohysterectomy. In all patients diagnosed with pyometra, confirmed by histology, the CRP was positive. The FASTest® CRP showed a positive predictive value of 92.3 %, negative predictive value and sensitivity of 100.0% and 92.3% of specificity. Therefore, the accuracy of FASTest® CRP for diagnosis of pyometra in bitches with suspicion by ultrasonography was 96.0%. It was concluded that the rapid test for detecting serum CRP can be used as an aid to diagnose pyometra in bitches...

Systemic leukopenia, evaluation of laminar leukocyte infiltration and laminar lesions in horses with naturally occurring colic syndrome.

The present study was aimed at identifying laminar lesions and leukocyte infiltration in hoof laminar tissue of horses with colic syndrome and its correlation with the total leukocyte count before death. Six healthy horses were used as control group (CG), and eighteen horses with lethal gastrointestinal disease were divided into two groups: leukopenic group (LG) with seven leukopenic horses, and non-leukopenic group (NLG) with 11 horses with total leukocyte count within reference range for the species. Leukocyte infiltration was examined by immunohistochemistry. Laminar lesions were observed in both LG and NLG, with no differences in severity between them. LG showed increase of the leukocyte infiltration in the hoof laminar tissue, when compared to CG and NLG. Horses with severe colic syndrome (LG and NLG) developed intense laminar lesions without clinical signs of laminitis, with increased leukocyte infiltration. However, the LG demonstrated an even higher increase of leukocyte infiltration compared to both CG and NLG.